Kids at more risk in India's second COVID-19 wave Article | No vacicne for children currently | Coronavirus Article

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wave of COVID-19 infections have hit in their heart, a number of cases skyrocketing with the healthcare system pushed to the brink. Let's take a look at the statistics to assess the impact of COVID-19 specifically on children and young adults, as well the data from the union health ministry 79,688 children have been infected in the five worst HIV states between the first of March and the 10th of April. Let's break down the numbers for the few.

In my roster of 60,684 children tested positive over 9000 are below the age of five. In chattisgarh 5940 children have contracted the COVID-19 infection in Karnataka 7327 children tested positive 80 871 of them are less than five years old. in Uttar Pradesh 3004 children have been infected while Delhi has logged 2733 infections among children 441 of them below the age of five. The fresh fresh surge in COVID-19 cases are witnessed more paediatric cases in those over 10 years of age and also between one to eight years.

Among other symptoms shown by children are blocked nose, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Apart from sore throat weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, exhaustion and headache. Owing to the increase in number of infections, the central government has now also postponed the cbse class 12 examinations, and cancel the class 10 board examinations. Currently, there is no vaccine available for use in children across the world AstraZeneca vaccine. The testing on children in the UK has been suspended. moderna is testing doses on participants aged between two to 12 years. While Pfizer had earlier declared that it's short is 100% effective in children aged between 12 to 15 years.

Joining us live on the broadcast is Professor McHale ner, who is biologists and Professor of biochemistry and bioinformatics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem thanks very much professor for speaking with us and increasing a number of younger people, even children contracting the covid 19 infection at a fresh wave that is sweeping across several parts of the world, including India, unfortunately, revealing the strength of what is your assessment of the reasons behind this?

And to what extent should this be attributed to the mutant strains of the virus?

Yeah, so those are excellent question. Let me just say that after having the pandemic with us, over one year, we learn quite a bit about it. And some of those kinds of new discovery are pretty old. In fact, what I mean by that is that we knew already quite early that young people, indeed below the age of 10, are somehow protected from the source from the COVID-19. However, there are still carrier, namely, if we would do the test, like the PCR test, we can still see them as infected. And this really caused some confusion.

Kids Article

Many people say, kids or children are protected. But that's not the case. They are not getting a severe illness, which is very important. But most important, I think, to know to understand is that kids and children reflecting their surrounding, namely, if their family has disease, they will be a carrier. If for example, in Israel, which as you all know, the situation is really that COVID-19 basically is not there anymore. Children have zero in really, they're not carrier anymore, therefore schools were open, everything was open, and so on. But in places where like in India, or some places in India, where the infection and the pandemic is really hitting hard, our children will keep being carrier. So it's really a reflection more than anything else.

All right, so what? Yes, go ahead.

Yeah. So a lot of people really ask what make children, let's say, below the age of 10, so protected in a sense versus the adult. And there are at least I would say four hypotheses. This one is seems to be really clear that it's something in the biology of the of the children. What I mean by that, it means that somehow their immune system is developing, so that it will be less sensitive to so they have like an extra protection, it could be from two reason. One, which is most people believe that their innate system, they really are the system that they were born with, is by far a better state to compete with pathogen, including their COVID-19.

But the other aspect is that maybe they have less accessible of their receptor, that should be the entry point for the virus to get to the lung. And both a stories are indeed, the case. More important, I think, is the fact that about the infected children, they only have 50% chance to infect other if we compare them to adult. So there are more than one element that makes the children are very different in this aspect, by the way and interesting hypotheses that have very little support, is the fact that there are bacteria, their microbiome, in their guts in their mouth is somewhat different, right, giving higher protection.

Right, the immediate question that arises then is that there is no vaccine that has been approved for use in children. As of now, there was positive news earlier from Pfizer, which declared that it's short is 100% effective, and children aged between 12 to 15 years, should governments across the world give a more serious look at vaccinating the younger population considering these numbers?

Yeah, so that's a very good point. And it's a very, very good result from Pfizer, and probably moderna as well, that those type of vaccine are super effective for children from the age of 12 to 15. Actually, there was no difference between age 12 to 15. So it's a give a good, I would say prediction that probably also younger people would have been a very well responding to the vaccine, or whether in terms of numbers from the population, you know, like a demographic, having another bunch of people like 12 to 15 being vaccinated, really change the, I would say the the progress of the COVID-19. So each chunk in the population that can be in fact, a vaccinated. It's a very good news for the population in general.

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